育类话题是托福独立写作考试中出现频次最高的一个话题。为了更好地为各位小主服务，托福君今天要借助一道已考真题来谈谈教育类话题的一般解题思路。

　　先上题：

　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: All university students should be required to take basic science courses even if it is not the field of their study.

　　不知大家有没有注意到，这道题中含有一个绝对词all。咱们作为接受过辩证唯物主义理论教育的大好青年，需知任何事物都不是绝对的。所以，遇到含有all的题目，是不是更容易展开反驳呢?

　　再者，我们要仔细分析题目，抓取关键词，找准切入点。这道题中，关键词应该是① university students，即学生是专指大学生，而非中学生、小学生或幼儿园小朋友等。要知道，每个学生阶段都具有不同的特征，大学生作为高等教育阶段，和其他学生的特征差别还是很大的。

　　第二个关键词则是② basic science courses，即基础科学课程。基础科学明显是理科生必须上的一门基础课，但文科生该不该上呢?咱们是不是可以以此为切入点展开论证呢?

　　教育类话题有两个论证的大方向，即：“学生”和“学校”。除了考虑是不是所有大学生不分专业都该上基础科学外，还可以考虑给所有学生安排基础科学课对学校带来的影响，试想，大学得花多少钱、请多少讲师或教授来给所有学生普及基础科学呢?这一点是不是可以作为另一个切入点呢?

　　好了，题目分析完了，咱们来写开头段：

　　University education has long been taken as elite education where students can spend four years or more to delve into their majors and become experts after graduation in respective fields. However, it has a tendency to develop into a kind of mass education, considering the threshold across universities have been lowering and more and more students are getting enrolled into the universities. Hence, when it comes to whether all university students should be required to take basic science courses, people may take different standpoints. I myself prefer the idea that taking basic science courses should not be a requirement for all.

　　首先，我们要引出一个背景句，而不是上来就干巴巴地表明自己所持的立场。因此，第一句我们可以以“大学教育的作用”来开头，然后用转折道出“大学教育似乎开始往大众教育方向发展”这一现象，再然后就可以自然地引出本文话题，最后一句，表明自己的观点——不赞同。

　　接下来开始分三段进行主体论证：

　　从学生角度来说，并非所有学生都需要上这门课，一来对于文科生而言，他们很可能并没有兴趣上理科课程，并且也很有可能学不好，那么也不会有学下去的动力;

　　For a start, students with no interest in science would lack the proper motivation to learn it well. University is a place where students get to pursue their own interests.For those who major in science and are scientifically- minded, it would be a breeze to take science classes. But for the rest, this mandatory policy simply means poor attendance and high failures rates. People always say interest is the best teacher. So students who are bored with science wouldn’t appreciate the good intentions of college authorities. For them, it’s high school all over again. Most high school graduates are already tired of trying to be versatile learners, so when they go to college and choose a major, they expect to devote all their time and energy to what really appeals to them. Instead, they end up learning something they are not passionate about and complaining about how hard it is to keep up. The learning process should be enjoyable, not the other way around.

　　二来学习理科课程对于他们未来的就业并不会带来直接的好处，而找个好工作却是很多人上大学的最终目标。

　　Besides, making basic science mandatory does not cater to post-university goals. The common expectation of people who go to universities is to gain a competitive edge in job hunting. They spend four years studying not just to get a diploma, but to acquire skills and expertise they can put into use in their future careers. Take English major students for instance. Most of them will be applying for positions like teachers, translators or editors, so what are the benefits if they spend a lot of time on memorizing chemical formulas or draw distinctions between invertebrates and amphibians? Sure, no one can deny subjects like physics and biology could give students an overall awareness of how the world works. But the fact is without such, people can still manage fine in their daily work. So this policy falls short of practical use.

　　从学校角度来说，给所有学生提供基础科学课程对学校的人力和财力都是一大笔消耗。

　　Finally, offering basic science to all the students would be a huge drain on school’s human and financial resources. Just imagine how many more science teachers would be need to instruct such a sheer number of students. The university would have to hire more professors and teaching assistants, which means a rise in school expenditure. Given that universities are all now trying to cut back on expenses, this policy would be the last thing schools want to see.

　　最后，简单结尾，注意同义替换就好。

　　To sum up, it is not recommendable for universities to require all the students to take science classes for the absence of personal interest, practical use, and economic benefits.

　　总结一下：

　　①写作不要单纯去拼字数。

　　字数达到基本要求后，最重要的考量标准在于语言表达和逻辑论证。

　　所以，同学们不应把重心放在怎样把句子写复杂，把段落拉长，而是要学习如何做到“有理有据”和“言之有物”。

　　②写作也讲究方法技巧。

　　考场上写作时间只有短短30分钟，因此功夫都应该用在平日里。大到全文的逻辑，小到词句的运用都是经过刻意练习后习得的。这一点可以在老师的帮助下高效完成。